Category: Breast
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Lactational bacterial mastitis: what you need to know.
Read More 🡭: Lactational bacterial mastitis: what you need to know.The most common variety of breast infections is Lactational Acute Bacterial Mastitis. It typically occurs during the first few weeks of breastfeeding and is caused by a local infection when the breast is most vulnerable due to cracks and fissures in the nipples. Bacteria enter through the nipple into the duct system. The condition is…
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Breast disease diagnosis: all you need to know
Read More 🡭: Breast disease diagnosis: all you need to knowDiagnosing breast diseases involves a combination of: 1. Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) including history and physical examination; 2. Careful observation of the patient both with the arms at rest and also elevated to lift the breast; 3. Various imaging techniques; and 4. Biopsy procedures. Triple assessment Assessing breast symptoms by a combination of clinical examination,…
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Tumour Suppressor Genes: All you need to know
Read More 🡭: Tumour Suppressor Genes: All you need to knowTumor suppressor genes ((TSGs) are also known as anti-oncogenes. They regulate cell division and replication. They function like a brake pedal on a motor car. How Do Tumor Suppressor Genes Work? When tumor suppressor genes mutate or become dysfunctional, the cell can grow uncontrollably, converting it to a cancer cell.Their function is like a brake…
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BRCA genes-All you need to know
Read More 🡭: BRCA genes-All you need to knowThe BRCA is an abbreviation for ‘BReast CAncer gene’.BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two tumor suppressor genes that produce proteins that help repair the native DNA. BRCA1 & BRCA2 Both BRCA1 and BRCA2 are non-functional in malignant cells.These tumor suppressor genes have key roles in DNA damage repair, regulation of gene expression, and cell cycle control.These…
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Nipple Discharge: All you need to know
Read More 🡭: Nipple Discharge: All you need to knowDischarge from the nipple can occur from one or more lactiferous ducts. Its management depends on: 1. Presence of a lump (it should always be given priority),2. Presence of blood in the discharge or 3. Discharge from a single duct. Types of Nipple Discharge Normal / Physiological / Hormonal Discharge In a parous woman a…
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